Data types and format specifiers in c

Basic data types available in C programming language are signed char, unsigned char, char, short int, unsigned short int, int, unsigned int, long int, unsigned long int, long long int, unsigned long long int, float, double, long double.  Here, we will see basic data types, their size and range.

Type	Bytes	Range
signed char	1 byte	-128 to 127
unsigned char	1 byte	0 to 255
char	1 byte	-128 to 128
short int	2 bytes	-32768 to +32767
unsigned short int	2 bytes	0 to 65535
int	4 bytes	-2147483648 to +2147483647
unsigned int	4 bytes	0 to 4294967295
long int	4 bytes	-2147483648 to +2147483647
unsigned long int	4 bytes	0 to +4294967295
long long int	8 bytes	-9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807
unsigned long long int	8 bytes	0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
float	4 bytes	3.4e-38 to 3.4e+38
double	8 bytes	1.7e-308 to 1.7e+308
long double	10 bytes	3.4e-4932 to 1.1e+4932

Format specifiers in c:

Format specifier for signed char is %c

Format specifier for unsigned char is %hhu

Format specifier for char is %c

Format specifier for short int is %hd

Format specifier for unsigned short int is %hu

Format specifier for int is %d

Format specifier for unsigned int is %u

Format specifier for unsigned octal integer is %o

Format specifier for unsigned hexadecimal integer(with a, b, c, d, e, f) is %x

Format specifier for unsigned hexadecimal integer(with A, B, C, D, E, F) is %X

Format specifier for long int is %ld

Format specifier for unsigned long int is %lu

Format specifier for long long int is %lld

Format specifier for unsigned long long int is %llu

Format specifier for float is %f

Format specifier for double is %lf

Format specifier for long double is %Lf

signed char:

Size of signed char	1 byte
Value Range	-(2^7) to (2^7) -1
Minimum Value	-128
Maximum Value	127
Format Specifier for signed char	%c

unsigned char:

Size of unsigned char	1 byte
Value Range	0 to (2^8) - 1
Minimum Value	0
Maximum Value	255
Format specifier for unsigned char	%hhu

char:

Size of char	1 byte
Value Range	-(2^7) to (2^7) -1
Minimum Value	-128
Maximum Value	127
Format specifier for char	%c

short int:

Size of short int	2 byte
Value Range	-(2^15) to (2^15) -1
Minimum Value	-32768
Maximum Value	32767
Format specifier for short int	%hd

unsigned short int:

Size of unsigned short int	2 bytes
Value Range	0 to (2^16) - 1
Minimum Value	0
Maximum Value	65535
Format specifier for unsigned short int	%hu

int:

Size of integer	4 bytes
Value Range	-(2^31) to (2^31) - 1
Minimum Value	-2147483648
Maximum Value	2147483647
Format specifier for integer	%d

unsigned int:

Size of unsigned int	4 bytes
Value Range	0 to (2^32) - 1
Minimum Value	0
Maximum Value	4294967295
Format specifier for unsigned int	%u

long int:

Size of long int	4 bytes
Value Range	-(2^31) to (2^31) - 1
Minimum Value	-2147483648
Maximum Value	2147483647
Format specifier for long int	%ld

unsigned long int:

Size of unsigned long int	4 bytes
Value Range	0 to (2^32) - 1
Minimum Value	0
Maximum Value	4294967295
Format specifier for unsigned long int	%lu

long long int:

Size of unsigned long long int	8 bytes
Value Range	-(2^63) to (2^63) + 1
Minimum Value	-9,223,372,036,854,775,808
Maximum Value	9,223,372,036,854,775,807
Format specifier for long long int	%lld

unsigned long long int:

Size of unsigned long long int	8 bytes
Value Range	0 to (2^64) - 1
Minimum Value	0
Maximum Value	18,446,744,073,709,551,615
Format specifier for unsigned long long int	%llu

float:

Size of float	4 bytes
Value Range	3.4e-38 to 3.4e+38
Minimum Value	3.4e-38
Maximum Value	3.4e+38
Format specifier for float	%f

Note:
e-38 = 1/(10^38)
e+38 = 10^38 

double:

Size of double	8 bytes
Value Range	1.7e-308 to 1.7e+308
Minimum Value	1.7e-308
Maximum Value	1.7e+308
Format specifier for double	%lf

long double:

Size of long double	10 bytes
Value Range	3.4e-4932 to 1.1e+4932
Minimum Value	3.4e-4932
Maximum Value	1.1e+4932
Format specifier for long double	%Lf or %llf

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